5 Advantages and Disadvantages of OSI Model | Drawbacks & Benefits of OSI Model

What is OSI Model ?

Open System Interconnection (OSI) is a type of reference model that interconnects different systems. Computers all across the world will be able to communicate using OSI irrespective of their architecture. There are 7 layers in OSI model each which is assigned with a different task. 

Why is OSI Model introduced ?

OSI came a rivalry to TCP/IP networking model. Both OSI and TCP/IP model provides a neutral networking environment so that computers from different manufacturers will be able to communicate effectively. However there are some key differences which distinguishes them. Although OSI facilitates communication, it aren't flawless. Similar to other networking models, OSI too posses certain advantages and disadvantages. 

In this article, I will be describing about 5 Advantages and Disadvantages of OSI Model | Drawbacks & Benefits of OSI Model. Through this post, you will know the pros and cons of using OSI model. 

Let's get started,

Advantages of OSI Model

1. Network Support

OSI model is generic on default. Which means that it is supported by wide range of device manufacturers. Most computer networks use OSI as their standard model.

2. Layer Changes

Each layer in the OSI model is separated to each other. Therefore, any changes in the layer will not cause any affects in the other. However this cannot be guaranteed if there are changes in the layer interface.

3. Layer Identification

Each layer in the OSI model is assigned with the task of services, protocols and interfaces. But OSI model is able to clearly distinguish the task in each layer. Hence, all the devices that work with the OSI model will be able to support each other.

4. Flexibility

OSI model is also flexible in nature since it is can work with both connection oriented and connectionless services. If there are situation where reliability needs to be maintained then it is possible to use connection oriented services. In the contrast, if speed of data transmission is the concern, then connectionless services will be the best option to use.

5. Troubleshooting

Since each layer in OSI model is separated to each other, troubleshooting is made easier. In case of any failure, network administrator could identify the issue more effectively by looking at each layer. No time is wasted here by analyzing the entire network.

Disadvantages of OSI Model

1. Implementation

OSI is entirely a theoretical model. Which means that it's practical implementation is almost impossible. Even in the absence of appropriate technology. And also, the cost involved in the implementation is usually higher here.

2. Adaptation

Many companies were initially reluctant to use this OSI model due to the popularity of TCP/IP model. The TCP/IP model were in use much before the ISO model. Therefore, companies were not ready to accept this adaptation.

3. Effectiveness

Unlike TCP/IP, an OSI model failed to meet the practical expectations. As a result, it is not effective as a TCP/IP model. Due to this, most people began to consider OSI model as not up to the standard.

4. Complexity

Compared to a TCP/IP model, an OSI model is complex in its structure. This is because of the presence of different layers which is not optimized. For an example, data link and network layer functions are not done by the same layer. Moreover, there are also duplication of services. Meaning two or more layers process the same task.

5. Collaboration

OSI model also posses some complications while working. Each layer in OSI model will not be able to work in parallel. Unless the data is passed from the previous layer, the layers in OSI model cannot work.